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====== Q6. Forces On A Ball Thrown Into The Air (a projectile): ======
Throwing a ball – The purpose of this task is to understand forces acting on a ball that has been thrown up into the air.

=== CORE CONCEPTS ===
Building on previous QUIZ questions about projectiles:
  * A projectile is any object upon which the only force is gravity,
  * Projectiles travel a parabolic (curved) trajectory (path) due to the influence of gravity,
  * There are no horizontal forces acting upon projectiles and thus no horizontal acceleration,
  * The horizontal velocity of a projectile is constant (a never changing in value),
  * There is a vertical acceleration (downward force) caused by gravity (9.8 m/s/s, down)
  * The vertical velocity of a projectile (the amount it drops over time) changes by 9.8 m/s each second,
  * The horizontal motion of a projectile is independent of its vertical motion.

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More information: To understand this properly requires some explanation of vectors - It is a good opportunity to introduce the word 'vectors', and to help understand the difference between velocity and acceleration:

The golf ball in a previous question was hit 'forwards' as well as 'up'. In this question, the ball is thrown straight up into the air so that it can be caught as it falls back to earth.

**[[https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/projectile-motion/projectile-motion_en.html|Simulation: Projectile motion simulator]]**

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Sally selected two projectiles to fire from a circus cannon:
  - A human cannonball
  - A grand piano

Sally set the cannon to fire using the following settings:
  * Angle = 18 degrees
  * Initial Speed = 18 metres per second
  * Air resistance = none

Sally's hypothesis was that a human cannonball would travel further (range wouold be greater) compared with a grand piano.

Sally used the **[[https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/projectile-motion/projectile-motion_en.html|Simulation: Projectile motion simulator]]** to perform her experiment.

  * Was Sally's hypothesis correct?
  * What are the reasons for your answer.

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